2024年b类初试真题试卷及参考答案

更新时间：试题数量：购买人数：提供作者：

有效期：个月

章节介绍：共有个章节

收藏

我的练习

我的错题
(0道)

我的收藏
(0道)

我的斩题
(0道)

我的笔记
(0道)

专项练习

顺序练习 练习进度 0 / 0

随机练习 自定义设置练习量

模拟考试 仿真模拟

题型练习 按题型分类练习

易错题 精选高频易错题

学习资料 考试学习相关信息

搜索

题库预览

Rap is a spoken form of musical expression. It involves words spoken in rhyme (41) ______ a recorded or live rhyme section. （含图）

It includes several different art forms, including (42) ______ art, dance, and music. Rap is just one part of hip-hop culture. （含图）

Young people (43) ______ could not afford expensive musical instruments or equipment took simple turntables and microphones out onto the streets. （含图）

Other performers working with the DJ (44) ______ with the crowd by talking louder than the music, often in rhyme. （含图）

Later, the MCs became known as (45) ______. Interaction between the performers and the crowd is an important characteristic of rap. （含图）

Notre-Dame de Paris, also called Notre-Dame Cathedral, is a cathedral church in Paris. It is the most famous of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages and is (46) ______ for its size, antiquity, and architectural interest. （含图）

Notre-Dame Cathedral lies at the eastern end of the Ile de la Cité and was built on the ruins of two earlier churches, which were themselves predated by a Gallo-Roman temple dedicated to Jupiter. The cathedral was initiated by Maurice de Sully, bishop of Paris, who about 1160 conceived the idea of converting into a single building, on a larger (47) ______, the ruins of the two earlier basilicas (长方形教堂). The foundation stone was (48) ______ by Pope Alexander III in 1163, and the high altar was consecrated in 1189. The choir, the western facade, and the nave were completed by 1250, and porches, chapels, and other embellishments were added over the next 100 years. （含图）

Notre-Dame Cathedral was initiated by Maurice de Sully, bishop of Paris, who about 1160 conceived the idea of converting into a single building, on a larger (47) ______, the ruins of the two earlier basilicas (长方形教堂). The foundation stone was (48) ______ by Pope Alexander III in 1163, and the high altar was consecrated in 1189. The choir, the western facade, and the nave were completed by 1250, and porches, chapels, and other embellishments were added over the next 100 years. （含图）

Notre-Dame Cathedral suffered damage and deterioration through the centuries. After the French Revolution it was rescued from possible destruction by Napoleon, who crowned (49) ______ emperor of the French in the cathedral in 1804. It underwent major restorations by the French architect Eugen- Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc in the mid-19th century. The popularity of Victor Hugo’s historical (50) ______ Notre-Dame de Paris (1831), wherein the cathedral is the setting, was said to have inspired the renovations. During a restoration campaign in 2019, a fire broke out in the cathedral’s attic, and the massive blaze destroyed most of the roof, Viollet-le-Duc’s 19th-century spire, and some of the rib vaulting. （含图）

Notre-Dame Cathedral suffered damage and deterioration through the centuries. After the French Revolution it was rescued from possible destruction by Napoleon, who crowned (49) ______ emperor of the French in the cathedral in 1804. It underwent major restorations by the French architect Eugen- Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc in the mid-19th century. The popularity of Victor Hugo’s historical (50) ______ Notre-Dame de Paris (1831), wherein the cathedral is the setting, was said to have inspired the renovations. During a restoration campaign in 2019, a fire broke out in the cathedral’s attic, and the massive blaze destroyed most of the roof, Viollet-le-Duc’s 19th-century spire, and some of the rib vaulting. （含图）

Autism is a neurological disorder that usually appears before a child’s third birthday. It is marked by impaired language skills, impaired social skills, and repetitive behaviors. Recently there has been a dramatic and unexplained increase in the number of children diagnosed with autism. Medical scientists estimate an autism ratio of 1 in every 150 children in the United States; others estimate 1 in 500. Both figures are alarming, especially considering that scientists do not know what causes autism and how to cure it. Medical researchers have been looking for answers. (51) ______ At one extreme of the spectrum, individuals are severely affected, while at the other extreme, individuals are only mildly affected. Some individuals cannot speak; others are highly verbal. Some are overly sensitive to noise; others seem not to notice it. Some prefer to be alone; others want friends. Some even marry and have children. Some are unable to learn school subjects; others go on to acquire a Ph.D. degree. Indeed, each person with autism may have a unique set of traits. (52) ______ In the 1950s, autism was considered a psychological disorder, caused by “refrigerator mothers”. Their personalities were thought to be so cold and uncaring that their children grew up unable to speak or interact with others. As research progressed, scientists realized that autism was actually a neurological, or brain, disorder. Studies have identified several areas of the brain that differ from the norm in autistic individuals. These areas involve emotions, critical thinking, learning, and paying attention. However, no one area seems to hold the key to autism. Some researchers have inferred that faulty neural connections between areas of the brain may be responsible for autism. Or perhaps there are too many connections, resulting in an overload of messages within the brain. (53) ______ In a recent study, researchers took blood samples from many newborns. When some of these babies later developed autism, the researchers tested their early blood samples and found high levels of four chemicals that influence the early phases of brain development. However, they have not been able to prove a direct link between the chemicals and the autism. There is strong agreement that genes, carriers of inherited traits, play a role in autism, and research continues to explore heredity as a cause. Recently, researchers found a link between autism and the age of the child’s father, with the odds of parenting an autistic child increasing with older fathers. It is also known that among autistic children, males predominate by a ratio of 4 to 1, and that autism seems to run in families. Despite the strong hereditary evidence, scientists have yet to identify a single gene responsible for autism. They now think that a combination of 10 or more faulty genes may trigger autism. (54) ______ They have looked into toxic metals in water and soil, harmful chemicals in household products, viruses, air pollution, and even television viewing, but have not found a consistent link to autism. (55) ______ However, treatment, either through medication or training, has benefited many autistic children by helping them to relax, to constrain antisocial behavior, to participate socially, and

of Victor Hugo’s historical (50) n____ Notre-Dame de Paris (1831), wherein the cathedral is the setting, was said to have inspired the renovations.

(51) ______ At one extreme of the spectrum, individuals are severely affected, while at the other extreme, individuals are only mildly affected. Some individuals cannot speak; others are highly verbal. Some are overly sensitive to noise; others seem not to notice it. Some prefer to be alone; others want friends. Some even marry and have children. Some are unable to learn school subjects; others go on to acquire a Ph.D. degree. Indeed, each person with autism may have a unique set of traits.

(52) ______ In the 1950s, autism was considered a psychological disorder, caused by “refrigerator mothers”. Their personalities were thought to be so cold and uncaring that their children grew up unable to speak or interact with others. As research progressed, scientists realized that autism was actually a neurological, or brain, disorder. Studies have identified several areas of the brain that differ from the norm in autistic individuals. These areas involve emotions, critical thinking, learning, and paying attention. However, no one area seems to hold the key to autism. Some researchers have inferred that faulty neural connections between areas of the brain may be responsible for autism. Or perhaps there are too many connections, resulting in an overload of messages within the brain.

(53) ______ In a recent study, researchers took blood samples from many newborns. When some of these babies later developed autism, the researchers tested their early blood samples and found high levels of four chemicals that influence the early phases of brain development. However, they have not been able to prove a direct link between the chemicals and the autism. There is strong agreement that genes, carriers of inherited traits, play a role in autism, and research continues to explore heredity as a cause. Recently, researchers found a link between autism and the age of the child’s father, with the odds of parenting an autistic child increasing with older fathers. It is also known that among autistic children, males predominate by a ratio of 4 to 1, and that autism seems to run in families. Despite the strong hereditary evidence, scientists have yet to identify a single gene responsible for autism. They now think that a combination of 10 or more faulty genes may trigger autism.

(54) ______ They have looked into toxic metals in water and soil, harmful chemicals in household products, viruses, air pollution, and even television viewing, but have not found a consistent link to autism.

(55) ______ However, treatment, either through medication or training, has benefited many autistic children by helping them to relax, to constrain antisocial behavior, to participate socially, and to learn useful skills. Medication has worked for some children, but it has not been widely used because it can have serious side effects. Other treatments that have worked for some children include controlling the child’s diet, providing the child with a companion dog, and encouraging self-expression through art. The most common training is Applied Behavior Analysis, which breaks down a task into tiny steps and rewards every small success with a bit of cookie or other treat. If a child does not speak, for example, the therapist will reward even a small sound while repeating a word that she wants the child to say. It may take several sessions to get the child to utter a sound, and many more to get him to say a word, but each success is praised and rewarded. Many autistic children have improved greatly with such training, but others have not. Scientists are still looking for answers to solve the autism puzzle.

How is each type of snowstorm named?

How often does a snowstorm go ashore over western North America during winter?

What may happen with the passing of a cold front?

What will happen when one tries to brake or steer the car on very smooth ice?

Why may people make bad decisions during a snowstorm?

Can you translate an emotion? In the Utku culture, people who express anger are considered (61) ______. Lots of experts agree that most people experience at least a few of the same emotions, regardless of which country they come from. But there’s no (62) ______ on which feelings are universal. Dr. Robert C. Solomon believes that the basic human emotions are partly (63) ______. For example, Americans think that people who deliberately try to hurt themselves are depressed. In contrast, in Chinese culture, such behavior is often associated with (64) ______. It is not always easy to associate which emotions individuals from another country are expressing through their behavior because different languages (65) ______ differently. Experts in many fields have attempted to answer this question for years, but they still don’t know the answer.

Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Write the answers on the answer sheet. First, announced in 2013, the “Belt and Road” initiative is an essential part of China’s domestic economic rebalancing, and of its outbound ambitions. The initiative entails ploughing billions of dollars into the hardware—railways, highways and ports—that links China and the dozens of countries to its west and south. The goal is to encourage more cross-border trade while putting excess capacities to work.