2023年11月三级真题（已校对）_在线真题试卷与模拟练习

By and by, the fire burned the grass and the bark ______ bound his feet. The raven managed to fly away. Although he was not burned, he could no longer be proud of his ______ white feathers, for the smoke had made every one of them ______ as night.【缺少答案，请补充】

Long, long ago the raven’s (渡鸦) feathers were white as snow. He was a beautiful bird, but the other birds did not like him ______ he was a thief. When they saw him ______, they would hide away the things that they ______ for most. ______, he always found them and took them to his nest.【缺少答案，请补充】

One morning, the raven heard a little yellow bird singing ______. “I will have that bird,” said the raven, and he quickly ______ the trembling little thing. The yellow bird cried, “Help, help, help!” The other birds happened to be ______ away, and no one heard her cries.【缺少答案，请补充】

Now a wood-worm was ______ in the bark (树皮) of a tree. “The yellow bird has been ______ to me, and I will do ______ I can to help her,” the wood-worm said to himself.【缺少答案，请补充】

When the sun went down, the raven ______ to sleep. Then the wood-worm made his ______ quietly up the tree to the raven’s nest, and bound his feet together ______ grass and pieces of bark. “Fly away,” whispered the wood-worm ______ to the little yellow bird.【缺少答案，请补充】

The little yellow bird flew away quickly. The wood-worm ______ small branches, bark and grass, and put them around the tree. Then he ______ them all on fire. Flames went up the great tree. “Fire! fire!” cried the raven. “Come and help me! My nest is on fire!” The other birds were not ______ to see him struggle in the fire and no one came to help him.

By and by, the fire burned the grass and the bark ______ bound his feet. The raven managed to fly away. Although he was not burned, he could no longer be proud of his ______ white feathers, for the smoke had made every one of them ______ as night.

Long, long ago the raven’s (渡鸦) feathers were white as snow. He was a beautiful bird, but the other birds did not like him ______ he was a thief. When they saw him ______, they would hide away the things that they ______ for most. ______, he always found them and took them to his nest.【缺少答案，请补充】

One morning, the raven heard a little yellow bird singing ______. “I will have that bird,” said the raven, and he quickly ______ the trembling little thing. The yellow bird cried, “Help, help, help!” The other birds happened to be ______ away, and no one heard her cries.

Now a wood-worm was ______ in the bark (树皮) of a tree. “The yellow bird has been ______ to me, and I will do ______ I can to help her,” the wood-worm said to himself.

When the sun went down, the raven ______ to sleep. Then the wood-worm made his ______ quietly up the tree to the raven’s nest, and bound his feet together ______ grass and pieces of bark. “Fly away,” whispered the wood-worm ______ to the little yellow bird.【缺少答案，请补充】

The little yellow bird flew away quickly. The wood-worm ______ small branches, bark and grass, and put them around the tree. Then he ______ them all on fire. Flames went up the great tree. “Fire! fire!” cried the raven. “Come and help me! My nest is on fire!” The other birds were not ______ to see him struggle in the fire and no one came to help him.【缺少答案，请补充】

By and by, the fire burned the grass and the bark ______ bound his feet. The raven managed to fly away. Although he was not burned, he could no longer be proud of his ______ white feathers, for the smoke had made every one of them ______ as night.

Long, long ago the raven’s (渡鸦) feathers were white as snow. He was a beautiful bird, but the other birds did not like him ______ he was a thief. When they saw him ______, they would hide away the things that they ______ for most. ______, he always found them and took them to his nest.

One morning, the raven heard a little yellow bird singing ______. “I will have that bird,” said the raven, and he quickly ______ the trembling little thing. The yellow bird cried, “Help, help, help!” The other birds happened to be ______ away, and no one heard her cries.

Singapore, the smallest country by surface area in Southeast Asia, is situated on an island 85 miles from the equator (赤道). As a result, the island experiences a hot and humid climate. Over the last six decades, Singapore’s temperatures have risen twice as fast as the global average. Let’s find out why Singapore is facing these issues and the solutions being explored. (76) Urbanizing an area can create what is known as a heat island. Urban areas change original natural view and add concrete buildings that absorb vast amounts of heat. This leads to what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect. In Singapore, certain suburban blocks and areas are up to 7℃ hotter than undeveloped areas. Suburban areas produce 70% more global emissions (排放) than rural areas from car exhaust, industrial systems, and residential buildings. Concrete and asphalt (沥青), used in buildings and roads, absorb large amounts of heat during the day and slowly release it at night. (77) The dense buildings also block airflow, making cities hotter. To address these effects, Singapore has made significant efforts over the last two decades to green the city, earning the name Garden City. The government plans on adding one million more trees over the next decade. However, this has to be done in a planned manner as too much vegetation can reduce wind flow which is essential for moving cool air into the city. Singapore also includes V-shaped building designs and varying building heights to increase airflow from nearby bodies of water. There are even simple design changes hidden within the city. Buildings in newer districts face away from the sun, and others have roofs with light-reflective paints to absorb less heat.【缺少答案，请补充】

For most of us, having drinking water is a privilege we often take for granted. Yet in several regions of Africa, there is serious shortage of freshwater. Researchers have been developing methods to collect moisture from fog for daily water use as if it were rainwater. The difference is that fog is simply more common than rain. Fog forms when the land releases heat at night. As the ground cools down, it causes water molecules in the air to condense. Fog collection works by utilizing mesh (网状物) hung in the air. The mesh is spread between two pokes facing the general direction of the wind. The wind naturally pushes the fog toward the mesh, where water accumulates. As the water drops get bigger, they flow down to a pipe into a tank. This method can produce around 20 gallons (加仑) of water per mesh, which is enough for a family’s daily needs. The entire system is also low-maintenance without the need for electricity. The steady supply of water has allowed communities to develop in many other ways. Locals no longer fall victim to water anxiety or the constant worry of finding water. Women can spend more time taking care of their children instead of walking long distances to collect water. The improved facilities have also opened opportunities for men to work consistent jobs. (78) While this solution has helped many communities globally, it presents future questions. For one, such systems work best in rural regions. They don’t work in cities for lack of space. Secondly, atmospheric water only makes up 0.004% of the freshwater found on the planet. Therefore, this system can only help small communities. Furthermore, climate change also affects the amount of fog in a region’s climate, so there may also be a limit to how long this system can work.【缺少答案，请补充】

In Southern California, Almaraz’s new company, Allied Disaster Defense (ADD), is now all about preparing homes to face a wildfire—a business that he says has grown almost 30% in the past year. “Most people do not contact us because they’re concerned about their home, their safety,” he says. (79) “They contact us because the insurance is going up.” Insurers canceled or refused to renew (续保) almost 242,000 homeowners and fire policies in 2021, according to the latest California Data. This particularly has affected people living in neighborhoods considered at high risk because they edge into wildlands. Federal fire officials estimate that (80) close to a third of the U.S. population now lives in these communities. Some insurance companies give people a break if they invest in home hardening. These are long-recommended techniques: fire-resistant roofs, covered gutters (地沟) no plants within 5 feet of the house, protective nets on air passages that can stop flames from flying inside. Almaraz’s firm offers to do it all or teach people to do it themselves. He says very few companies offer to complete wildfire home preparation yet. And so, his company has started to train other contractors, even extending business to other western states by next year. “We as a society are just starting to accept this idea that there is some degree of responsibility on us as individual homeowners for living in these risk areas,” says expert Kimiko Barrett. “Because the scale of risk is so great now, we cannot avoid it.” On one hot afternoon in a neighborhood northeast of Los Angeles, April Schwartz with ADD is doing something beyond conventional home hardening: The former firefighter is painting pictures with fire retardant (阻滞剂). “We almost can’t keep up,” Schwartz says about demand for her company’s home-hardening and fire-retardant services. “But that’s a good thing.”【缺少答案，请补充】

Urbanizing an area can create what is known as a heat island.

The dense buildings also block airflow, making cities hotter.