2026年湖北联盟高校学位英语模拟考试（一）

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原文：In 1789 the U.S. government passed a law, which said that the land of the American Indians could never be taken from them without their agreement. One hundred years later, however, the Indians only had a very small part of the land that originally belonged to them. How did this great injustice occur?
After 1812 white settlers began to move west across North America. At first, the settlers and the Indians lived in peace. However, the number of settlers increased greatly every year, and slowly the Indians began to see the white settlers as a danger to their survival. To feed themselves, the settlers killed more and more wild animals. The Indians, who depended on these animals for food, had to struggle against starvation. The settlers also brought with them many diseases which were common in white society, but which were new for the Indians. Great numbers of Indians became sick and died. Between 1843 and 1854 the Indian population in one area of the country went down from 100,000 to 30,000.
More land was needed for the increasing number of white settlers. In Washington, the old respect for the rights of the Indians disappeared. The old promises to the Indians were broken; the federal government began to move groups of Indians from their original homelands to other poorer parts of the country. Some Indians reacted angrily and violently to this treatment. They began to attack white settlers, and the Indian Wars began. For thirty years, until the late 1880s, different groups of Indians fought against the injustices of the white man. They had a few famous successes, but the result of the struggle was never in doubt. There were too many white soldiers, and they were too powerful. Many Indians were killed; the survivors were moved from their homelands to different areas of the country. It was a terrible chapter in the history of a country that promised freedom and equality to everyone.
题目：Why did American Indians begin to see the white settlers as a danger to them?

题目：What does the writer mean by "the old respect for the rights of the Indians disappeared"?

题目：What was the Indians' reaction to the government's action to move them off their original land?

题目：It is implied in the passage that ______.

题目：What is the writer's opinion about the treatment that the Indians received from the U.S. government?

原文：Scientists recently revealed an instinct in which women are not affected by the advances of technology. They made a series of experiments and observations to determine on which side women hold their babies and why.
First they determined that modern mothers tend to hold their baby on the left. Of 155 right-handed mothers, 83% held the baby on the left. And out of 32 left-handed mothers, 78% held the baby on the left. As a control, women were watched emerging from supermarkets carrying baby-sized packages; the bundles were held with no side preference (偏爱).
A large number of mothers who brought their premature babies to a follow-up clinic were seen to hold their babies against their right side. So, 155 mothers who had been separated from their babies for 24 hours right after birth were observed for holding response. The experimenters presented the baby directly to the mid-line of the mother's body, and noted that 53% placed the baby on the left and 47% on the right.
The author suggests "the time immediately after birth is a critical period when the stimulus of holding the baby releases a certain maternal response. " That is to say, she senses that the baby is better off on her left. Left-handed holding enables the baby to hear the heartbeat, a sound associated with the security of the womb. In order to discover whether hearing the heartbeat has a beneficial effect on the baby, the sound of a human heartbeat was played to 102 babies in a nursery for 4 days. A control group of babies was not exposed to heartbeats. The babies in the experiment group gained more weight and cried far less than the babies in the control group.
题目：Who tend to hold their babies on the left according to the experiment?

题目：Why did the scientists watch women coming out of supermarkets?

题目：According to the passage, the time right after birth is important because ______.

题目：In the experiment mentioned in the last paragraph, 102 babies were ______.

题目：Who did not show side preference for holding babies?

原文：So long as teachers fail to distinguish between "teaching" and "learning", they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that "reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: it can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If roles of teacher and learner are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest (探索) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. "Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children."
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teachers and learners fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
题目：The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ______.

题目：The teaching of reading will be successful if ______.

题目：The word "scrutiny "(Line 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means ______.

题目：According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ______.

题目：The main idea of the passage is that ______.

原文：People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.
Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.
Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home.
题目：What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?

题目：The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England ______.

题目：The experts' study on the problem of erosion can ______.

题目：It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because ______.

题目：According to the author, when buying a house along the south coast of England, people should ______.

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