英语期末复习题

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Redefining the Role of Universities in the Modern Era While there are many metaphors for universities, I suggest that “University 4.0” is a(n) ___ description of the ways that universities around the world need to respond to the new economy and associated ___ such as digital disruption and radically changing labor markets. I argue that universities must undergo revolutionary change if they are to stay relevant. Before considering the future for higher education, however, it is ___ reflecting on where we have come from. The depiction of universities provided by Professor Ronald Barnett, Emeritus Professor at the Institute of Education, University of London, has much to commend. Under Barnett’s ___, version 1.0 would be the metaphysical(形而上学的)university, in service of God, that first emerged in medieval times. The early stages of this university revolved around specialist communities that eventually evolved into the tradition of a(n) ___ arts education. Version 2.0 might be positioned as the research university that emerged in post-industrial societies, whereby universities became the focal ___ for research-driven technological advancement. The great post-war expansion of universities in the world has a clear research orientated focus in ___ of economic development. Version 3.0 might be described as the entrepreneurial university, operating in Barnett’s words, as a university “for itself”, serving many diverse functions and communities but first and ___ concerned with optimizing its self-interest. Which leads to my ___ for a new approach University 4.0, or what Barnett calls the “ecological university”, or the “university for others” outward looking, deeply connected to industry and the communities around it, and committed to serving the needs of its students. La Trobe University is currently developing its next strategic plan, and in my view, we must move towards a 4.0 model if we are to ___ in these fluid times.
China’s main space contractor 1 the country’s space exploration program for 2030 to 2045 on Thursday, which includes its search for 2 planets close to the solar system, a step forward in discovering a wider universe. Yuan Jie, general manager of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC), told a class at Beihang University the country plans to launch space exploration projects that include “Mi Yin” (sound founding) to explore livable exoplanets in 3 to the solar system, media reported. Chinese spacecraft will identify and recognize planets outside of the solar system, recording possible habitable planets, Yuan said. With spectral(光谱的) 4 , we’ll unveil water distribution, launching a new era of astronomical observation, Jie noted. In 2020, the number of CASC aerospace 5 is expected to set a new record. China will also begin developing a near-earth manned space station, and Chang’e-5 will conduct its third-phase for lunar exploration, with unmanned 6 returning with samples, according to reports. Meanwhile, BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is expected to deploy 30 satellites, with services 7 the whole planet. Many Chinese netizens showed their excitement, as it 8 them of the space travel depicted in the award-winning novel by Liu Cixin. “Imagine the Space Navy in The Three-Body Problem will come true,” a netizen said on Weibo. China will conduct its first Mars mission in 2020, and launch a probe satellite, and will begin 9 and conducting land exploration in 2021, making the country’s deep space capabilities 10 worldwide, according to Yuan.
How does a smart city work? A smart city collects and analyzes data from IoT (Internet of Things,物联网) sensors and video cameras. In 1 , it “senses” the environment so that the city operator can decide how and when to take action. Some actions can be performed 2 . For example, a public waste bin can contact the city for service when it is near capacity instead of waiting for a scheduled pickup. What are the benefits of a smart city? For city agencies: Gain more citizen engagement and 3 operations through real-time data intelligence and intra-agency collaboration. For citizens: Improve daily life through city services. Smart cities offer visibility into real-time city data for improving 4 , connectivity and safety services. For businesses: Drive new revenue streams and economic development by enhancing 5 of customer activity and behavior. For developers and vendors: Fuel application development of city data. Help the city improve operational efficiencies, engage citizens and 6 economic viability. Types of benefits Air quality: Monitor the air so you’ll know when to 7 emissions. Communication architecture: Connect with citizens and tourists through interactive kiosks and mobile apps, offering information based on their location. Environment: Visualize and analyze all the city data to better decide when and how to act. Lighting: Lower energy 8 , cut costs and simplify maintenance. Parking: Generate revenue with demand-based parking and reduce parking-space search time for citizens. Public Wi-Fi: Citywide Wi-Fi connects sensors but, more importantly, also provides a way for people to connect with the world. Safety and security: Protect against crime, terrorism and civil unrest, and respond more quickly to 9 with advanced video analytics. Transportation: Reduce congestion and pollution through traffic management. Urban mobility: Understand where people move and spend their time and use those 10 for city